Psychological Disorders Essay

psychological Disorder AnalysisThis psychological analysis is ab off mare a 42 year old Hispanic female who comes into the psychogenic health clinic complaining of feeling jumpy both of the time, she has trouble sleeping and is modify to concentrate on her charm as an accountant. These symptoms be causing problems for her at practise. There throw out be many causes for her symptoms but to get to the descend of her issue a clinical assessment, diagnoses, and proper treatment for her disorder ordain be submitted. Maria comes into the clinic complaining of having trouble sleeping, feeling jumpy all the time, she has trouble concentrating on her work which seems to be causing an issue. A clinical interview is done first on Maria to attain roughly background information.Clinical interviews questions are 1. What brings her to the clinic? 2. When did these feelings start and did an sluicet trigger them? 3. Do these feelings die long? 4. What is her relationship with her paren ts? 5. What is her relationship with her siblings? 6. What type of work does she do? 7. What are her romantic relationships like? 8. What was her childhood experiences like? 9. What makes her happy? 10. Does she turn in any medical problems or medication she is taking? A practical disorder is causing her symptoms. Because information was non given concerning her background, family or sociable life-time Marias symptoms coincide with Dysthymic Disorder with major natural slack (University Of Phoenix, 2007).Dysthymic Disorder is known as double depression (Comer, 2011). It has symptoms of chronic and number one level depression which trims ones ability to function. Some individuals with dysthymia experience insomnia, or hypersomnia, sorry appetite and overeating. They similarly experience poor concentration or make water difficulty making decisions. Some bombard to attend to daily hygiene, some experience baseborn energy and low self esteem which cause them to overlook the ir daily duties or personal credit line responsibilities (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Most say they have been unhappy or pitiable all of their lives which cause them not maintain healthy relationships (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Dysthymia also causes changes in feeling, thinking, and physical well-being (University Of Phoenix, 2007).Dysthymic disorder tract symptoms with major depression. Both disorders share symptoms such as sleep difficulties, shyness, and social withdrawal poor work performance,irritability, and conflict with family and friends (University Of Phoenix, 2007). The main difference between the two disorders is the intensity and length of the disorder. With major depression symptoms are more severe such as the individual may be so depressed they cannot get out of bed and have thoughts of suicide whereas with Dysthymia the depression is more leaden where the person is able to function on some level, he or she may be getting out of bed, but they may not groom themselves (University Of Phoenix, 2007). The other difference is major depression needs episodes that last for at least two weeks whereas dysthymic disorder symptoms persist for at least two years (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Major depression is also common with minorities. nonage hosts that live below poverty or come from family whose environment was innocent tend to suffer from depression in higher numbers (Comer, 2011). sex activity also plays a role in major depression women are twice as likely as men to receive a diagnosis of depression (Comer, 2011). To assess her case the DSM-IV is used. According to what Maria says her symptoms stick out the criteria on the DSM-IV. Maria must display two of her symptoms for a achievement of 2 weeks or longer (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Maria did not point in this case study how long she had been experiencing symptoms.The case study did not indicate Marias dress condition or hygiene neither did it indicate that she was shy or soc ially withdrawn. Maria may have developed dysthymic disorder through a behavioral process called conditioned helplessness. (University Of Phoenix, 2007). During an look into dogs were placed in a cage with barricades and were exposed to a stimulus light which was followed by a shock (University Of Phoenix, 2007). They intimate chop-chop through classical conditioning to fright the light (University Of Phoenix, 2007). In cast two of the examine the shock was turned off and when the first group of dogs was exposed to the light they jumped over the barricade jumping to safety (Comer, 2011). When the present moment group of dogs encountered a large barrier they could not jump from the fear producing light to safety. When the light came on they ran around the cage barking and when they discovered escape was impossible they lay down and whimpered (University Of Phoenix, 2007). In phase 3 of this experiment all the barriers were removed, and the dogs could escape easily however, wh en the light came on the dogs that had been trapped do no effort to leave the cage, instead they lay down and whimpered (University Of Phoenix, 2007).What the experiment revealed is the dogs versed that even though they can escape nothing they can do will improve their conditions so in effect the dogs learned to be helpless (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Because Maria is Hispanic the multicultural perspective plays a role. Because of social norms, family structure, and background this should be all taken into account with minorities. Maria probably grew in an impoverish environment. Research shows that Hispanics are more likely to live a poorer environment that White American (Comer, 2011). Maria may feel that her life was precondition to remain this way even though she has made a life for herself as an accountant. Just like the dogs in her thinking she feels nothing she can do will change her conditions, even though she has opportunities to improve her life she has learned to be helpless which makes her sad and depressed which are symptoms of the disorder (University Of Phoenix, 2007).multicultural research also shows that prepossess and discrimination against multicultural groups leads to higher anxiety and depression in minorities (Comer, 2011). former(a) probably causes for Marias disorder is a biological instability or hormonal imbalance like those seen in major depression. biological theorist believes abnormal behavior as an illness is brought on by a malfunctioning organism in the wiz or brain chemistry (Comer, 2011). The brain is made up of billions of nerve cells called neurons (Comer, 2011). When an electrical whimsey reaches a neuron it is stimulated to release a certain chemical called a neurotransmitter which travels to receptors (Comer, 2011). These receptors travel to other neurons telling them to fire or not fire (Comer, 2011). Neurotransmitters play a key role in carrying information through the brain. In Marias case her neurotransmitte rs may be defective causing her symptoms (Comer, 2011). A hormonal imbalance can also trigger depression (Comer, 2011). A womans biological life changes as she ages triggering different hormone levels (Comer, 2011). Although hormonal changes cannot alone cause depression alone important social and life events that occur with puberty, pregnancy, or change of life can (Comer, 2011). To treat dysthymic disorder biological treatments such as psychotherapy and medications like Prozac and Tofranil have proven to be reformatory in reducing symptoms (University Of Phoenix, 2007).A variety of psychotherapeutic approaches can work as well. Cognitive behavioral therapy can challenge Marias unrealistic ideas,pessimistic expectations and self-critical evaluations (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Therapy can help her to have a more positive sentinel on her life, and can help her to prioritize both opportunities and challenges concerning her life (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Multicultural treatm ents such as culture-sensitive therapy can be used in which the therapist addresses issues faced by minority groups (Comer, 2011). In addition behavioral point therapy can help her adapt better coping skills and help her slip by more effectively with friends and coworkers (University Of Phoenix, 2007). In this case study Maria went to the mental health clinic complaining of having trouble sleeping, feeling jumpy all the time, an softness to concentrate on her work as an accountant. Interview questions were asked which lead to a diagnosis of dysthymic disorder with major depression. Probable causes for her disorder are root in a neuro chemical imbalance or a learned helplessness from her environment (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Treatment for dysthymic disorder is psychotherapy and medication to reduce the symptoms (University Of Phoenix, 2007).